With the increasing emphasis on the efficiency of electrical equipment, synchronous or reluctance rotating machines with permanent magnets, which are placed on the rotor, are becoming more common. This principle is most often used in small and medium-sized electric generators, servomotors, and high-speed rotating machines.
We specialise in manufacturing rotors with permanent magnets attached to the rotor surface (SPM) or inserted inside the rotor package (IPM). A Kevlar or carbon fiber bandage can serve as additional mechanical protection. In our own testing laboratory, we test the magnetic properties of individual magnets as part of the initial inspection, as well as perform a comprehensive analysis of the surface induction of the finished rotor subjected to the first operational tests during development.
High-speed rotating machines provide an efficient solution especially in applications with limited space and weight constraints. High operating temperatures are typical in these machines, where magnets based on samarium cobalt or neodymium magnets with lamination, which reduces losses due to eddy currents, are used. At operating speeds in the order of tens of thousands of revolutions per minute, the magnets are additionally shielded with carbon fiber.
Modern rotors with permanent magnets most often use neodymium (NdFeB) magnets, up to an operating temperature of +240°C, or plastic-bonded magnets, which offer an excellent value for money. Rotors for high temperatures or very harsh environments take advantage of samarium (SmCo) magnets, which feature high corrosion resistance and operating temperatures up to +350°C.
The principle of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) is based on the interaction of the fixed magnetic field of the rotor with the rotating magnetic field of the stator. The rotating magnetic field of the stator is generated by electric current flowing through its winding, while the magnetic field of the rotor is generated by the bonded permanent magnets. Permanent magnet motors are more efficient than asynchronous machines, delivering the same or more power in a smaller overall footprint. The permanent magnets increase the magnetic flux through the motor air gap and thus the total torque is considerably higher than that of induction motors without magnets.